Subject 'Computer Architecture and Hardware II'

Year:   2019/2020    

The course gives to the students the general knowledge about microchips on PC maotherboard, including
microprotcessors from "Intel" IA-32 family, the supporting chips and buses.

After the course, the students are expected to know:
* The historical development of "Intel" IA-32 family microprocessors, as well as can calculate in binar arithmetiscs (including floating point) and to know the data formats used in the computers.
* The internal architecture of "Intel" microprocessors, the memory addressing in real- and protected virtuale modes
and paging of memory.
* And can use all the eight data addressing modes (register/register, immediate, direct, register indirect, base plus index, register relative, base relative plus index and scaled index), also program memory adressing modes and stack memory adressing modes.
* The machine language in 16 and 32 bit modes. Can translate the assembler instructions to machine language in
different data addressing modes.
* The instruction set of "Intel" IA-32 microprocessor. Can describe the subclasses of instructions as general purpose,
x87 FPU, SIMD state management, SSE, SSE2 and SSE3 extensions and system instructions.
* The basic interrupt processing, how the interrupts work in real- and protected mode, what is hardware, software
and error interrupts, how to expand the interrupt structure, Daisy-Chaine interrupts and how working the
programmable interrupt controller.
* The basic input/output (I/O) instructions, and parts of supporting chips as PPI 82C55, programmable interval timer
8254, serial interface 16550 etc. Also knows how functioning the analog-digital and digital-analog converters and
how the slow memory and input/output devices are synchronized by microprecessor using clock generator.
* How functioning direct memory access (DMA) mechanism.
* The buses used in PC and historical devolopment of these (ISA, EISA, PCI, PCIe, AGM, IDE (ATA) and SATA.
* Can explane how working USB port, GPIB bus and what is the differents between synchonized and nonsyncronized data transfer using VME bus as example.

The overview of "Intel" microprocessors and IBM PC computers in historical background, number systems and computer data formats. The microprocessor and its architecture, real and protected mode memory addressing,
memory paging. Machine language and introduction to the instruction set. Interrupts, interfaces, I/O instructions,
handshaking, interface wiring, I/O port decoding. Direct memory access (DMA) and DMA-controlled I/O, shared bus operation, disk memory system. Bus interfaces (ISA, EISA, VESA, PCI, AGP buses), PCIe and the universal serial bus (USB), IDE (ATA) as well as SATA local bus